Choosing the best plant substrate or gravel

[chloe]

Really informative replies, thanks so much for sharing your experiences and insights. I appreciate the diverse perspectives and the time everyone took to share their thoughts on the best substrate for a freshwater aquarium with plants.

[chloe]

I'm also curious, does anyone know if dark or black play sand is available, specifically in Canada? I'm having trouble finding it, especially during this time of year.

[boomer]

Using an active substrate like ADA aquasoil or Controsoil can be suitable for fish that can handle lower pH and KH levels. However, it demands a commitment to properly "age" the tank before introducing fish. When I set up a tank with aquasoil, I believe it's the best substrate for promoting healthy plant growth, I always wait six weeks before adding fish to ensure no ammonia spike that could harm them. I've been doing this for years with sensitive fish and haven't experienced any issues.

As for Eco Complete, I agree it's not the best choice for corydoras species and other bottom-dwelling fish. I primarily use it for its cation exchange capacity (CEC) value, not as a direct nutrient source for plants. The cost of using it in aquaria is subjective and depends on the application. In some cases, I find the benefits justify the expense.

The issue is indeed the white substrate, as it can affect many fish by providing an unnatural environment. In their natural habitats, fish are accustomed to darker substrates, which help them blend in and avoid predation. This is especially true under the tank lighting, which can be much brighter than what they experience in their natural environments.

The dark substrate allows fish to blend in, as their dorsal side is typically darker and their underside is lighter. This coloration helps them to remain inconspicuous, making it more difficult for predators to detect them. Some fish will even change color depending on the substrate, which is why biologists often refer to the importance of a "dark substrate."

However, it's essential to strike a balance, as some species may not thrive in extremely dark environments. For example, Corydoras may experience stress and color changes when placed on a black substrate. I've personally observed the impact of substrate on fish coloration when transferring them from a darker to a lighter substrate or vice versa.

Observing fish in their natural habitats or watching videos of them can be enlightening. Species like Corydoras duplicareus are nearly invisible when swimming over sand that matches their body coloration. Their black dorsal stripe blends in with the surrounding branches and debris, providing them with excellent camouflage. When they move, it becomes apparent that they're there, but nature has equipped them with remarkable defenses that we can learn from and replicate in our aquariums to promote healthy fish.

[boomer]

Using an active substrate like ADA aquasoil or Controsoil can be suitable for fish that can handle lower pH and KH levels. However, it demands a commitment to properly "age" the tank before introducing fish. When I set up a tank with aquasoil, I believe it's the best substrate for promoting healthy plant growth, I always wait six weeks before adding fish to ensure no ammonia spike that could harm them. I've been doing this for years with sensitive fish and haven't experienced any issues.

As for Eco Complete, I agree it's not the best choice for corydoras species and other bottom-dwelling fish. I primarily use it for its cation exchange capacity (CEC) value, not as a direct nutrient source for plants. The cost of using it in aquaria is subjective and depends on the application. In some cases, I find the benefits justify the expense.

In Canada, I've found Quikrete Play Sand at Home Depot and Lowe's. Depending on your location, you might come across the dark grey mix, which I've seen in the Vancouver area, or the buff tone that resembles ocean beach sand. I personally prefer the dark grey, but both options work well. I've had the chance to contact Quikrete and they were very helpful in explaining their refining process, which makes this sand one of the safest options available.